KYIV NATIONAL TARAS SHEVCHENKO UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

 

 

 

 

“ International Business Research”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                    SYLLABUS

 

Methodology and organization of scientific researches.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

©Prof. Dobronravova Iryna

Module 1.

 

 

 

Kyiv 2022

The purpose and objective of the course is provide the students with basic knowledge about methodologies, methods and organization of scientific processes as a part of training for their professional scientific career. 

Course role at a program scale:

“Methodology and organization of scientific researches” - is a mandatory course for a Master’s degree program.

 

For course evaluation, “modular-rating” system is used.

Evaluation scale

Mark (points)

University scale

ECTS scale

90-100

Pass

A – pass

85-89

75-84

Pass

B – pass

C - pass

65-74

60-64

Pass

D – pass

E - pass

1-59

Fail

FX – fail

F - fail

 

Course Plan

(Module 1)

Theoretical basics of methodology and organization of scientific researches

 

 

CURRICULA

 (6h. - lectures, 4 h. - seminars, 1h. – consulting, 19 h. – independent work of students) ­­­­___-

Lectures

Workshops

Independent work of students.

Current control

evaluation

Methodology of scientific researches

 

1

Science as research   activity. 

lecture

2 hours

test

workshop

2 hours

speech

6 hours

preparation  for presentation or essay

20 points

2

Main methodologic traditions and variety of methodological systems.

Lecture

2 hours

test

workshop

1hour

speech  

6 hours

preparation  for presentation or essay

 15 points

3

Nonlinear style of thinking in post non-classical science.

Lecture

2 hours

test

Workshop

1 hour

speech

 7 hours

preparation  for presentation

or essay

 15 points

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Methodology of scientific researches

 

Lecture 1. Methods and methodology of scientific research. Main methodologic traditions in Europe of New Age and variety of methodological systems in XX century.

Main definitions: method, methodic. Reasoning in method application – methodology. Methodology as a philosophical discipline – history of methodology, Methodological traditions (empiricism and rationalism),

Variety of methodologic systems in philosophy of science in XX century.

Analytic methodological systems: logical empiricism (Vienna circle) and critical rationalism (K. Popper). Historical school: T.Kuhn, I.Lacatos, P. Feyerabend. Scientific realism (H.Putnam). Rational criticism of scientific values. (Laudan)

 

 

Workshop 1. Methodology and methods of scientific research. Main methodologic traditions and variety of methodological systems in XX century.

1.     Main definitions: method, methodic. Reasoning in method application – methodology.

2.     Methodological traditions in European philosophy of New Age. Empiricism (F. Bacon) and rationalism (R/Descartes)

3.     Variety of methodologic systems in philosophy of science in XX century. Analytic methodological systems: logical empiricism (Vienna circle) and critical rationalism (K. Popper)

4.     Historical school: T. Kuhn, I. Lacatos, P. Feyerabend.

5.     Scientific realism (H. Putnam)

6.     Rational criticism of scientific values. (L. Laudan)

 

Lecture 2. Science as research. Historical types of scientific rationality.

 Basic approaches for science understanding: science as knowledge, social institute and research activity. Science of New Age in Europe as research.  Foundations of science: Ideals and norms of scientific researches, scientific world picture, philosophical foundations. Systems of foundations as historical types of scientific rationality. Global scientific revolution as a way to transit to new type of rationality. Classica, non-classical and post non-classical science/

  

Workshop 2. Science and scientific researches.

1.              Basic approaches for science understanding: science as knowledge, social institute and research activity.

2.              Ideals and norms as regulative principles of scientific research activity and estimation of scientific knowledge.

3.              Scientific world picture, its relation to scientific theories.

4.              System of philosophical foundations of science.

5.              Globally scientific revolutions and historical types of scientific rationality.

 

Lecture 3.  Nonlinear style of thinking in post non-classical science.

Nonlinearity as basis of self-organization in open media far from equilibrium.

Synergetics as transdisciplinary program of researches of self-organization. Synergy means jointly action. Self-organization as becoming of new integrative systems. Cooperative effects as coherence in movement of non-linear media elements to certain attractors, Joint actions of elements form the part of a new whole in subordination to becoming complex whole system.

Critical points as points of branching of nonlinear dynamics. Bifurcation point as turning point of choice by chance of new real necessity, which contains a chance. Bifurcation situation as situation of formation the effective cause. Outer or inner impacts are conditions of choice one of alternative possibilities. System in bifurcation point is in uncertain state and even small impact can define further development as condition in formation of effective cause. It is bonus for human influence for free choice of favorable variant. However, it means risk and responsibility of human activity in such situations.

Order out of chaos and scenario of transition to dynamic chaos. Fractals                  (from “fractional dimension”) Fractals are complex structures with scale invariance (scale self-similarity). They appear in the edge of chaos in competition of different attractors.

Forms of social self-organization: exited crowd, game and myth.

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Recommended literature:

Handbooks:

Andersen, H., Hepburn, B. Scientific method // https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/scientific-method/

Gauch, H.G. Jr. (2012) Scientific Method in Brief. Cambridge University Press.

The Oxford handbook of philosophy of social science /edited by Harold Kincaid. 2012.

Staddon, J. (2018) Scientific method. How Science Works, Fails to Work, and Pretends to Work. Routledge, New York, London

 

Original sources:

Kuhn T. Structures of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago, 1962

Laudan L. Science and Values. University of California Press. 1984.

Lakatos I.. Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programs / Criticism and the growth of Knowledge. Cambr. Univ. Press. 1970.

Feyerabend P. Against Method. First published by New Left Books, 1975.

Karl Popper Conjectures and Refutations. Routledge, 2002. Chapter 10.

Putnam H. Realism with a Human Face. Publisher: Harvard University Press, Year: 1992. Preface. Chapter 1.

Putnam H. Realism and Reason. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1983.

Stepin V. Theoretical Knowledge. A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 2005. Chapters 3, 5.

 

Additional literature:

Dobronravova I.S. Dialectic as a Means for Understanding Nonlinear Science //" Dialectic, Cosmos, and Society, No. 10 (1997), 7-15. http://philsci.univ.kiev.ua/ENG/DOBRO/Dialec.html

Dobronravova I. Nesterova M. Social Self-Organization as Cohesion Driver in Socio-Cultural Sphere // Socio-Cultural Management Journal. Volume 5 (2022), Number 1, pp. 58-73
doi: https://doi.org/10.31866/2709-846x.1.2022.257669

 

Multimedia resources:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wrCpLJ1XAw&t=187s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ioyWeUEyvo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IawIjqOJBU8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-X8Xfl0JdTQ&t=13s